Institute for Environmental Security
Advancing Global Environmental Security
Science · Diplomacy · Law · Finance · Education
Proceedings of
The Hague Conference on Environment, Security and Sustainable Development
The Peace Palace, The Hague, The Netherlands
9 - 12 May 2004
Opening: Environmental Security in the 21st Century
Organised by the Institute for Environmental Security and
European Centre for Public Affairs
Moderator: Tom Spencer, Visiting Professor of Global Governance, University of Surrey / Former President of the Foreign Affairs, Security and Defence Policy Committee of the European Parliament (1997-1999) / Senior Advisor, IES
The International System and the Global Environment in the Long Twentieth Century:
Prof John McNeill, Cinco Hermanos Chair of Environmental and International Affairs, Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University / Author of "Something New Under the Sun"
Comments by Dr Emad Adly, General Co-ordinator, Arab Network for Environment and Development / Nile Basin Discourse-Civil Society Engagement on the Nile
Comments by Juan Dumas, Director General, Fundacion Futuro Latinoamericano, Ecuador
Comments by Dr John Ashton, CEO, E3G: Third Generation Environmentalism / Former Director for Strategic Partnerships, LEAD International / Former Head, Environment Policy Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK
Session 1: The Environment and Security Challenge
Organised by the Institute for Environmental Security
Moderator: Wouter Veening, Director, Institute for Environmental Security / Former Policy Director, Netherlands Committee for the IUCN
Emerging Challenges to Environmental and Human Security: Pieter Van Geel, State Secretary for Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, The Netherlands
Message from Margot Wallström, European Commissioner for the Environment:
Presented by Margaret Brusasco-Mackenzie, Member Green Globe Network / Former Advisor for Sustainable Development, DG Environment, European Commission
What should be the role of the United States?: Frank E Loy, Chairman, Environment 2004 / Former US Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs
What should be the role of the United Nations?: Frits Schlingemann, Director and Regional Representative, Regional Office of Europe, United Nations Environment Programme
Session 2: Resources and Sources of Conflict
Organised by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Moderator: Frits Schlingemann, Director and Regional Representative, Regional Office of Europe, United Nations Environment Programme
Sources of Environmental Conflict: Prof Dr Andjelka Mihajlov, University of Novi Sad / Former Minister for Environment and Natural Resources, Serbia
The Anatomy of Resource Wars: Michael Renner, Senior Researcher and Project Director for Vital Signs, World Watch Institute
Examples of the Environment - Security Interface: Sirojidin Aslov, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea / 1st Vice-minister of Foreign Affairs of Tajikistan
The Impact of Europe's Resource use on the World: Dr Martin Rocholl, Director, Friends of the Earth Europe
The Activities of CCMS in the field of Environment and Security: Dr Deniz Beten, Programme Director, Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society, NATO
Session 3: International Law and Global Governance
Organised by Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for
Environmental Law and Policy and Permanent Court of Arbitration
Moderator: Dr John Ashton, CEO, E3G: Third Generation Environmentalism / Former Director for Strategic Partnerships, LEAD International / Former Head, Environment Policy Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK
The Role of Conflict Prevention and Dispute Resolution: Tjaco T van den Hout, Secretary General, Permanent Court of Arbitration
The Role of Non-compliance Procedures: René Lefeber, Legal Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Netherlands
The Next Steps for Global Environmental Governance: Maria Ivanova, Director, Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy
Parallel Roundtables - Round I
Parallel Roundtable A-I:
Diplomacy-I: Resources and Conflict: Policy Responses
Organised by International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and
IUCN - The World Conservation Union
Moderators: Duncan Brack, Associate Fellow, Royal Institute of International Affairs / Senior Policy Advisor, UK Liberal Democratic Party and Mersie Ejigu, President and Chief Executive Officer of Partnership for African Environmental Sustainability (PAES) / Former Minister of Planning and Development / Former Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ethiopia
Rapporteurs: Jason Switzer, IISD and Sonia Pena-Moreno, IUCN
Resource Persons:
Addressing Livelihood Difficulties: Is it Time for an Environmental Marshall Plan: Dr Leif Ohlsson, Dept of Peace & Dev Research Goteborg University / Editor, "Environment, Development & Conflict - EDC News" electronic newsletter & website
Global Change and Environmental Conflict Avoidance: PD Dr Hans Günter Brauch, Chairman, Peace Research and European Security Studies / Otto-Suhr Institute for Political Sciecne, Free University of Berlin, Germany
Impacts of Desertification on Conflict Risk: Programme Actions: Rajeb Boulharouf, External Relations and Public Information Unit, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
Parallel Roundtable B:
Security as Independence or Interdependence: Implications for Global Governance
Organised by Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy
Moderator: Maria Ivanova, Director, Global Environmental Governance Project,
Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy
Rapporteur: Lindsey Powell, Research Assistant, Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy
Resource Persons:
Bert Axel Szelinski, Head of Division G II 3, Cooperation with OECD Member States: OECD, OSCE, UN-ECE, NATO-CCMS, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Germany
Harris Gleckman, Chief, New York Office, UNCTAD
Dr John Ashton, CEO, E3G: Third Generation Environmentalism / Former Director for Strategic Partnerships, LEAD International / Former Head, Environment Policy Department, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK
Prof John Forgach, Investment Banker, McCklusky Fellow, Yale
Roundtable Summary
Parallel Roundtable C:
Finance-I: Building Blocks for a Sustainable Future
Organised by Institute for Environmental Security and TransGlobal Ventures, Inc.
Moderator: Franz Knecht, Managing Partner, Connexis
Rapporteur: Barry Spergel, International Lawyer and Environmental Financing Consultant, formerly with Center for Conservation Finance, World Wildlife Fund, US
Resource Persons:
The Economic Rationale for Investing in Life-supporting Ecosystems: Dr Paul Jefferiss, Economist, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
Full Powerpoint presentation - 7MB
Climate Change and Mounting Financial Risks: Dr Andrew Dlugolecki, ANDLUG Consultancy
Reducing Risks by Setting Measurable Targets: Dr Mathis Wackernagel, Co-creator of the Ecological Footprint and Executive Director of the Global Footprint Network
Full Powerpoint presentation - 2.5MB
Renewable Energy Targets: Targets, Investments, Employment: Oliver Schaefer, Policy Advisor, European Renewable Energy Council (EREC)
Full Powerpoint presentation - 1.5MB
Roundtable Summary
Parallel Roundtable D:
Education-I: Preparing Civil Society
Organised by EuroCampus Institute and University for Peace
Moderator: Prof Dr Rietje van Dam-Mieras, Professor and Former Rector, Open University, NL
Rapporteur: Dr Fayen d'Evie, UPEACE
Resource Persons:
The Earth Charter as Inspiration: Irene Dankelman, Women's Environment and Development Organisation (WEDO) / the University of Nijmegen, Netherlands
Promoting Civil Society Dialogue: Mr Robert Hull, Director, Directorate A, European Economic and Social Committee / Former Head, Environment and Sustainable Development Policy Unit, EC
Bio-education for Global Environmental Leadership: Dr Agni Arvanitis Vlavianos, President and Founder, Biopolitics International Organisation
Learning Participation, Consensus Building and Conflict Management: Léna Salamé, PCCP Project Co-ordinator, UNESCO
Evening Session 10 May
Reception offered by the Mayor of the City of The Hague, Mayor W. J. Deetman with speech by Vice Mayor M. (Ries) Smits,(photo top right)
Dinner with keynote address by Tom Spencer, (photo left), Visiting Professor of Global Governance, University of Surrey / Former Chairman of the Foreign Affairs, Human Rights and Defence Policy Committee of the European Parliament / Senior Advisor, IESSession 4: Investing in a Secure and Sustainable Future
Organised by Institute for Environmental Security and TransGlobal Venture, Inc
Moderator: Harris Gleckman, Chief, New York Office, UNCTADThe Ecological Footprint: Natural Resource Accounts for Investment Decisions?: Dr Mathis Wackernagel, Co-creator of the Ecological Footprint and Executive Director of the Global Footprint Network
Investing in Stability - Conflict Risk, Markets and the Bottom Line: Paul Clements-Hunt, Executive Director, UNEP-FI
Fast Forward to 2025: Three Decisions Our Children will Thank Us For: Steven Lovink, President TransGlobal Ventures, Inc. / Vice-chair IES
Full Powerpoint presentation - 6.1MB
Session Summary
Session 5: Environmental Opportunities for Peace Building
Organised by Adelphi Research and the Environmental Change and Security Project of the Woodrow Wilson Institute Centre for Scholars with the Green Globe Network
Moderator: Margaret Brusasco-Mackenzie, Member Green Globe Network / Former Advisor for Sustainable Development, DG Environment, European CommissionOpportunities and Constraints of Environmental Peace Making - Lessons learned from Water, Nature Conservation and the Timber Sector: Alexander Carius, Co-founder and Director, Adelphi Research
Full Powerpoint presentation
The Role of Civil Society Forums in International River Basin Management - the Case of the Nile: Dr Patricia Kameri-Mbote, Prof. of Law, Department of Private Law, University of Kenya
Full Powerpoint presentation
Why the States/Entities in the Jordan River Basin are co-operating over their scarce Water Resource: Dr Anders Jägerskog, EGDI Secretariat, Department for Global Development, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Sweden
Full Powerpoint presentation
Promoting Peace through Transboundary Nature Conservation - The K-2-Siachen Peace Park: Dr Saleem H Ali, professor Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont/ Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University / Author, Mining, the Environment and Indigenous Development Conflicts
Full Powerpoint Presentation
Session 6: Building Environmental Knowledge Capital
for the 21st Century
Organised by EuroCampus Institute and University for Peace
Moderator: Dr Gottfried Leibbrandt, Chairman, EuroCampus Institute / Former Director-General for Higher Education and Research, The Netherlands / Former Founding President, Open University of The NetherlandsRapporteur: Drs Jeannette E Mullaart, Programme Officer, Environment & Development Resource Centre
Learning, Leadership and Sustainability: Dr Jake Reynolds, Assistant Director, Programme for Industry, University of Cambridge / CHRONOS Programme, WBCSD
Full Powerpoint presentation
Knowledge Creation for Sustainable Development: Building Leadership Capacity: Julia Marton-Lefèvre, Executive Director of LEAD (Leadership for Environment and Development) International
Full Powerpoint presentation - 10.3MB
Educating Citizens on Environmental Rights and Safety: Dr Alexander V Fedorov, Council Chairman Centre for Environmental Initiatives, Russia
Preparing Society for the 21st Century: How Governments, NGOs, the Media and Learning Networks Can Make a Difference: Mersie Ejigu, President and Chief Executive Officer of Partnership for African Environmental Sustainability (PAES) / Former Minister of Planning and Development; Former Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ethiopia
Full Powerpoint presentation - 1.7MB
Parallel Roundtables - Round II
Parallel Roundtable A-I (Continued):
Diplomacy-I: Resources and Conflict: Policy Responses
Organised by International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and IUCN - The World Conservation Union
Moderators: Duncan Brack, Associate Fellow, Royal Institute of International Affairs / Senior Policy Advisor, UK Liberal Democratic Party and Mersie Ejigu, President and Chief Executive Officer of Partnership for African Environmental Sustainability (PAES) / Former Minister of Planning and Development / Former Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ethiopia
Rapporteur: Jason Switzer, IISD and Sonia Pena, IUCN
Resource Persons:
The Role of the OSCE: Practical Cases: Annica Carlsson, OSCE Environmental Advisor, Office of the Co-ordinator of EEA, OSCE
Full Powerpoint presentation
Challenges for Latin American Practitioners in Environmental Conflict Prevention: Juan Dumas, Director General, Fundacion Futuro Latinoamericano, Ecuador
Environmental Scarcity and Conflict in Highland Peru: Tom Deligiannis, PhD Candidate, Department of Political Science, University of Toronto
Environmental Governance and Resource Conflict: Mitigation through Public Access Mechanisms: Eric Dannenmaier, Director, Tulane Institute for Environmental Law and Policy
Parallel Roundtable E:
Diplomacy-II: US and EU Policies on Security and Environment: The
Next Four Years
Organised by Brookings Institution and European Centre for Public Affairs
Moderator: Nigel Purvis, Brookings Scholar on Environment, Development, and Global Issues, Brookings Institution / Former US Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans, Environment and Science
Rapporteur: Ronald A Kingham, Deputy Director, Institute for Environmental Security / Former European Co-ordinator, Transatlantic Environment Dialogue
Resource Persons:
Dr Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Director, Environmental Change and Security Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Tom Spencer, Director European Centre for Public Affairs; former Chairman of the Foreign Affairs, Human Rights and Defence Policy Committee, European Parliament
Derek Osborn, Member of the UK Sustainable Development Commission / Former Director General of Environmental Protection in the UK Department of the Environment / Former Co-Chair 1997 UN General Assembly 5 year review of UNCED / Former Chairman of the Management Board of the European Environment Agency
Parallel Roundtable F:
Law-II: Judicial Tools for Preventing and Resolving Environmental Conflict
Organised by Permanent Court of Arbitration
Moderator: René Lefeber, Legal Advisor, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Rapporteur: Dane Ratliff, Legal Counsel, Permanent Court of Arbitration
Resource Persons:
International v. National Jurisdiction over Environmental Disputes: Prof Ellen Hey, Chair Public International Law, Rotterdam
Environmental Law Capacity Needs in Developing Countries: Hongxia Liu, American Bar Association - UNDP International Legal Resource Center
UNESCO's PCCP Programme as an Example of Pre-adjudicative Techniques in Resolving Natural Resources Disputes: Léna Salamé, PCCP Project Co-ordinator, UNESCO
From Prevention to Resolution of Disputes Over Transboundary Watercourses - Recent Trends: Prof Attila Tanzi, University of Verona
Litigating Disaster: The Bhopal Catastrophe: Kenneth McCallion, McCallion and Associates
Parallel Roundtable G:
Finance-II: Financial Solutions for a Secure and Sustainable Future
Organised by Institute for Environmental Security and TransGlobal Ventures, Inc.
Moderator: Prof John Forgach, Investment Banker, McCklusky Fellow, Yale
Rapporteur: Dr Andrew Dlugolecki, ANDLUG Consultancy
Resource Persons:
Conservation Finance: Alternatives and Opportunities: Barry Spergel, International Lawyer and Environmental Financing Consultant, formerly with Center for Conservation Finance, World Wildlife Fund, US
Full Powerpoint presentation
Carbon Trading: Obstacles and Opportunities: Jan Willem Martens, EcoSecurities
Full Powerpoint presentation
Private Capital as Catalyst of Change: Kate Hampton, Climate Change Capital / Green Globe Network
Full Powerpoint presentation
Macro-markets and Environmental Futures: Dr Emile Servan-Schreiber, NewsFutures.com
Full Powerpoint presentation
Parallel Roundtable H:
Education-II: Nurturing tomorrow's Leaders
Organised by EuroCampus Institute and University for Peace
Moderator: Jakob Ström, Head of Section, Division for International Affairs Ministry of the Environment, Sweden / Former International Secretary, National Council of Swedish Youth Organizations
Rapporteur: (To be announced)
Resource Persons:
Programme on Environmental Security and Peace: Dr Fayen d'Evie, UPEACE
Key Issues for Tomorrows' Leaders in Environmental Affairs: Alexander Gritsinin, Project Manager, Water Programme, EAP Task Force, ENV, OECD / Former General Manager, Namangan Branch, The Coca-Cola Bottlers Uzbekistan LTD
From Personal Values to Corporate Action: E-learning on the Business Case for Sustainable Development: Dr Jake Reynolds, Assistant Director, Programme for Industry, University of Cambridge / CHRONOS Programme, WBCSD
Enforcing Environmental Law: Training the Judiciary: Amy Hindman, Legal Advisor to the Executive Director, UNEP, Nairobi
Evening Session 11 May
Reception: Hosted by IISD and IUCN on the occasion of the launch of the programme on "Trade, Aid and Security: Elements of a Positive Paradigm" presented by Duncan Brack, Associate Fellow, Royal Institute of International AffairsDinner with keynote address by Derek Osborn, (photo left) Member of the UK Sustainable Development Commission / Former Director General of Environmental Protection in the UK Department of the Environment / Former Co-Chair 1997 UN General Assembly 5 year review of UNCED / Former Chairman of the Management Board of the European Environment Agency
Session 7: Science Based Approaches to
Environmental Security
Organised by Institute for Environmental Security and SarVision
Moderator: Wouter Veening, Director, Institute for Environmental Security
Rapporteur: Ms Jeanna Hyde Hecker, Institute for Environmental Security
Space Agencies and Remote Sensing Monitoring Systems Prof Dirk Hoekman, SarVision / Wageningen University - 9.9MB
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Connecting Ecosystems and their Services with Environmental and Social Services Dr Henricus Leemans, Chair of the Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University / Co-Chair Response Option Working Group of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Full Powerpoint presentation - 4.9MB
Local Monitoring: Application of Traditional Knowledge to Environmental Security Dr Martin von Hildebrand, Director, Gaia Foundation, Colombia
Precaution - From Principle to Implementation in the European Union
Dr Claire Weill, Institute on Sustainable Development and International Relations - IDDRI
Full Powerpoint presentation
Session 8: Impact of Military/Conflict on the Environment
Organised by IUCN and The Netherlands Working Group on Ecology and Development
Moderator: Pekka Haavisto, Chairman, UNEP Post Conflict Assessment Unit / Former Minister of Environment and Development Cooperation, Finland
Nature in War: Biodiversity Conservation Before, During and After Armed Conflicts Drs Esther Blom, The Netherlands Working Group on Ecology and Development
Full Powerpoint presentation
Military/ Civil Cooperation for Postconflict Ecological Restoration Piet Wit, The Netherlands Working Group on Ecology and Development
Full Powerpoint presentation - 1.3MB
Legal Regulation of the Effects of Military Activity on the Environment Amy M Hindman, Legal Advisor to the Executive Director, UNEP
Full Powerpoint presentation
The Role of the Military and Military Technology in Environmental Protection and Nature Conservation Major General (retd) Joseph G Singh, Executive Director, Conservation International Guyana / Former Chief of Staff, Guyana
Full Powerpoint presentation - 2.0MB
Session 9: Pathways to Environmental Security
Organised by the Institute for Environmental Security
Moderators: Johannah Bernstein, Environmental Law and Policy Consulting and Ronald A Kingham, Deputy Director, Institute for Environmental Security
Presentation of the Chairman's Summary: "Pathways to Environmental Security": Tom Spencer, ECPA
Comments by Roundtable Moderators or Rapporteurs
What should Governments do now?
Bert-Axel Szelinski, Head of Division G II 3, Cooperation with OECD Member States, OECD, OSCE, UN-ECE, NATO-CCMS, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Germany
Mersie Ejigu, Former Minister of Planning and Development / Former Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ethiopia
Full Powerpoint presentation
Urs Schmid, Head International Security Section, Centre for International Security, Policy, Federal Dept of Foreign Affairs, Switzerland
Pekka Haavisto, Chairman, UNEP Post Conflict Assessment Unit / Former Minister of Environment and Development Cooperation, Finland
Session 10: The Way Forward: From Policy to Practice
Organised by Brookings Institution and IES
Moderators: Tom Spencer, ECPA and Dr Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Environmental Change and Security Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
The Next Steps
Summary of Action Proposals and Call for Follow-up Commitments from Participants: Ronald A Kingham, Deputy Director, Institute for Environmental Security
Closing Remarks
The Way Forward: From Policy to Practice Katsuaki L. Terasawa, Croft Institute for International Studies
Prof John McNeill, Cinco Hermanos Chair of Environmental and International Affairs, Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University
Pieter van Geel, State Secretary for Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, The Netherlands
